(10) memory, prudence, and Juana la Loca

Another Bruegel print portrays a personification of the virtue of Prudence (Prudentia) in such a way as to illustrate how Juana could be regarded as an embodiment of that virtue. In the print Prudence is carrying a coffin as a reminder of death, and in an 1877 history painting in the Museo del Prado of Doña Juana la Loca by Francisco Pradilla, Juana is shown with the coffin of her late husband Felipe el Hermoso on the famous long journey across Spain to bury him in Granada.
The image of Juana as Prudence relates to the memory systems in The Garden of Delights/El Jardín de las Delicias since according to Cicero, Memory was a part of Prudence:

Prudence is the knowledge of what is good, what is bad and what is neither good nor bad. Its parts are memory, intelligence, foresight (memoria, intelligentia, providentia). Memory is the faculty by which the mind recalls what has happened. Intelligence is the faculty by which it ascertains what is. Foresight is the faculty by which it is seen that something is going to occur before it occurs. (see note)

Besides the allusion to Juana, the only suggestion in Bruegel’s print that Prudence includes memory is the way she is shown looking at what is behind her in a rear-view mirror. The caption defines Prudence more narrowly as thinking about the future:

SI PRVDENS ESSE CVPIS, IN FVTVRVM PROSPECTVM OSTENDE, ET QUAE POSSVNT CONTINGERE, ANIMO TVO CUNCTA PROPONE.
If you wish to be prudent, think of the future, and put your mind to all possible contingencies. (see note)